What is the reason for redness, swelling and pain on the glans?

The redness, swelling and pain of the glans may be related to factors such as balanitis, allergic reactions, traumatic infections, urinary tract infections, sexually transmitted diseases, etc. It usually manifests as local redness, swelling, burning sensation, painful urination and other symptoms. It is recommended to seek medical treatment promptly to determine the cause of the disease and follow the doctor's instructions for targeted treatment.

1. Balanitis

Excessive foreskin or insufficient cleaning may lead to bacterial or fungal infection, leading to balanitis. Typical symptoms include glans erythema, white discharge, and itching and pain. You can use erythromycin ointment, clotrimazole cream and other topical drugs as directed by your doctor. In severe cases, oral fluconazole capsules are required. It is necessary to keep the perineum clean and dry every day and avoid scratching.

2. Allergic reaction

Contact with allergenic substances such as condoms and detergents may cause contact dermatitis, which manifests as sudden redness, swelling, papules and stinging on the glans penis. The suspected allergen needs to be stopped immediately, rinse with water and apply hydrocortisone cream. People with recurring allergies are advised to perform a patch test to identify the source of their allergy.

3. Traumatic infection

Friction or external impact during sexual intercourse may cause minor damage to the glans, leading to secondary infections such as Staphylococcus aureus. There will be local swelling, effusion and severe pain. Mupirocin ointment can be used externally to prevent infection. If pustules form, incision and drainage are required. Avoid sex during the recovery period.

4. Urinary tract infection

E. coli retrograde infection may involve the urethral meatus and glans, accompanied by frequent urination, urgency, and burning sensation during urination. Routine urine examination is required. After diagnosis, antibacterial drugs such as levofloxacin tablets and cefixime dispersible tablets can be taken. During treatment, drink more than 2000 ml of water every day.

5. Sexually transmitted diseases

Gonococcal or chlamydial infection can cause purulent discharge from the glans penis with ulcers, which is common after unclean sex. It needs to be confirmed by PCR test and treated with ceftriaxone sodium for injection combined with azithromycin tablets. Sexual partners need to be examined and treated simultaneously.

You should choose breathable cotton underwear every day and avoid using harsh lotions to clean the perineum. Eat a light diet and limit spicy food and alcohol intake. If the redness and swelling last for more than 3 days or symptoms such as fever or suppuration occur, you must seek immediate medical attention from a urology department or dermatology department. Sexual intercourse is prohibited during treatment until the symptoms completely subside, and regular review after recovery is required to prevent recurrence.