What are the symptoms of infertility?

The main manifestations of infertility are no semen discharge or a significant reduction in semen volume, which is usually accompanied by sexual dysfunction, testicular abnormalities, endocrine disorders, urinary system symptoms and increased psychological stress.

1. No semen discharge:

The patient does not ejaculate semen during orgasm, or only a very small amount of fluid is discharged. This condition may be related to obstruction of the vas deferens, congenital developmental abnormalities, or surgical injury. Some patients may mistakenly believe that ejaculation is normal, but the actual semen volume is less than 1 ml.

2. Sexual dysfunction:

Difficulty in erection, loss of sexual desire, or inability to ejaculate are common. These symptoms may be related to nerve damage, abnormal hormone levels, or psychological factors. About 60% of infertile patients will have varying degrees of sexual function problems.

3. Testicular abnormalities:

A reduction in the size or softness of the testicles are typical signs. Physical examination can reveal that the length and diameter of the testicles is less than 3.5 cm, indicating spermatogenic dysfunction. Some patients have a history of cryptorchidism or sequelae of orchitis.

4. Endocrine disorders:

Serum testosterone levels decrease and follicle-stimulating hormone increases. Patients may experience androgen deficiency symptoms such as loss of body hair and muscle mass. Hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis dysfunction is an important cause.

5. Urinary system symptoms:

Some patients are accompanied by difficulty urinating, frequent urination, or perineal pain. These symptoms suggest possible complications such as prostatitis and seminal vesiculitis. Urinary tract infection increases the risk of seminal tract obstruction.

It is recommended that infertile patients maintain a regular schedule and avoid prolonged sitting and high temperature environments. Eat more zinc-rich oysters, nuts and other foods in your diet, and do appropriate aerobic exercise to improve blood circulation. Psychological adjustment is particularly important, and your partner should provide full understanding and support. Regular andrological examinations can help in early detection of potential causes such as varicocele, and semen cryopreservation can be considered if necessary.