What causes scrotal edema?

Scrotal edema may be caused by testicular hydrocele, varicocele, epididymitis, scrotal eczema or trauma.

1. Testicular hydrocele

Testicular hydrocele refers to excessive accumulation of fluid in the testicular vaginal cavity, causing swelling of the scrotum. It is common in newborns and the elderly, and may be related to the failure of the sheath process to close or the imbalance of vaginal secretion and absorption. Patients usually present with a painless scrotal enlargement that is cystic on palpation. For treatment, cefixime granules, levofloxacin tablets and other drugs can be used according to the doctor's advice to control the infection. In severe cases, sheath inversion surgery is required.

2. Varicocele

Varicocele is an abnormal dilation of the internal spermatic venous plexus, most commonly found in the left scrotum. Standing for a long time and increasing abdominal pressure may induce or aggravate the symptoms, which are manifested as a swollen feeling in the scrotum, and earthworm-like masses can be seen when standing. It is recommended to wear a scrotal sling to relieve symptoms. If necessary, you can use intravenous active drugs such as Maizhiling tablets and diosmin tablets as directed by your doctor, or perform high spermatic vein ligation.

3. Epididymitis

Epididymitis is mostly caused by bacterial retrograde infection, and the common pathogenic bacteria is Escherichia coli. In the acute stage, the symptoms include redness, swelling, heat and pain in the scrotum, which may be accompanied by fever. Antibiotics such as amoxicillin and clavulanate potassium tablets and ciprofloxacin hydrochloride tablets must be used as directed by the doctor, along with bed rest and scrotal elevation. Chronic epididymitis can be treated with hot compresses to relieve symptoms.

4. Scrotal eczema

Scrotal eczema is an allergic skin disease that is related to local excessive sweating and friction irritation. It is characterized by erythema and papules on the scrotal skin accompanied by severe itching. The local area should be kept clean and dry, and scratching should be avoided. You can follow the doctor's advice for topical use of mometasone furoate cream, tacrolimus ointment, and oral loratadine tablets for anti-allergy.

5. Trauma

After the scrotum is hit or straddled, tissue edema or hematoma may occur. Mild injuries can be relieved by ice application and bed rest. If persistent swelling or severe pain occurs, testicular rupture must be ruled out, and an ultrasound examination may be performed if necessary. Hot compress can be used 48 hours after trauma to promote absorption.

It is recommended to wear loose cotton underwear and avoid prolonged sitting and strenuous exercise. Eat a light diet and limit the intake of high-salt foods. If the edema lasts for more than 3 days or is accompanied by symptoms such as fever and abnormal urination, you should seek medical advice from a urology department in time. Pay attention to the changes in the scrotal skin in daily life. The water temperature should not be too high when bathing, and avoid using irritating lotions.