What to check for cervical cancer

Checking for cervical cancer usually requires cervical cytology, human papillomavirus testing, colposcopy, cervical biopsy and imaging examinations. Cervical cancer screening helps detect lesions early and improves the cure rate.

1. Cervical cytology examination

Cervical cytology is one of the main methods for cervical cancer screening. By collecting cervical exfoliated cells for pathological examination, abnormal changes in cervical epithelial cells can be found. This method is simple to operate and suitable for large-scale screening. When cervical cytology results are abnormal, further colposcopy or cervical biopsy is required to confirm the diagnosis.

2. Human papillomavirus detection

Human papillomavirus testing is an important means of screening for cervical cancer, and high-risk human papillomavirus infection is the main cause of cervical cancer. This test can be done by collecting cervical secretions and can detect the presence of high-risk human papillomavirus infection. When the human papillomavirus test result is positive, a comprehensive evaluation needs to be combined with the cervical cytology results.

3. Colposcopy

Colposcopy is a further examination performed when cervical cytology or human papillomavirus detection is abnormal. By magnifying the blood vessels and epithelial morphology on the cervical surface, suspicious lesions can be found. Acetic acid white test and iodine test can be performed during colposcopy to help locate the lesion. When abnormalities are found, a cervical biopsy may be performed to confirm the diagnosis.

4. Cervical biopsy

Cervical biopsy is the gold standard for diagnosing cervical cancer. By taking tissue from suspicious cervical lesions for pathological examination, the nature and extent of the lesions can be clarified. Cervical biopsy is usually performed under the guidance of colposcopy, including spot biopsy, cone biopsy, etc. Cervical biopsy results can guide subsequent treatment options.

5. Imaging examination

Imaging tests are used to evaluate the staging and metastasis of cervical cancer, including ultrasound, magnetic resonance imaging, computed tomography, etc. These tests can reveal tumor size, depth of invasion, and lymph node metastasis. Imaging examination results have important guiding significance in formulating surgical plans and radiotherapy plans.

Regular cervical cancer screening is an effective measure to prevent cervical cancer. It is recommended that women of appropriate age undergo cervical cytology and human papillomavirus testing every 1-3 years. Maintaining good living habits, avoiding multiple sexual partners, and getting vaccinated against human papillomavirus can also help reduce the risk of cervical cancer. Seek medical attention promptly when abnormal symptoms are discovered. Early diagnosis and treatment can significantly improve the cure rate.